A recent ruling by the Ninth Circuit has allowed most provisions of California’s SB 976 to take effect while ongoing litigation continues. The law, authored by Senator Skinner, aims to restrict social media companies and other website operators from using algorithmic feeds, notifications, and other design features considered addictive for children and teens.
The legislation is part of California’s effort to address concerns over the impact of excessive online activity on youth. Studies have found that extended time spent online can contribute to mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and a higher susceptibility to addiction. There is also evidence linking increased online engagement with greater severity in depressive symptoms among young people.
A trade association representing technology companies challenged SB 976 in court. These companies have been criticized for deploying strategies designed to maximize user engagement among children and teenagers. However, the Ninth Circuit determined that the challenge is likely to fail for most aspects of the law. Some sections remain temporarily blocked, but the rest will now be enforced.
Attorney General Rob Bonta commented on the decision: “We are pleased the court has allowed the majority of SB 976’s requirements to come into effect. Our children cannot wait. Companies have blatantly shown us that they are willing to use addictive design features, including algorithmic feeds and notifications at all hours of the day and night, to target children and teens, solely to increase their profits,” said Attorney General Bonta. “Through the passage of SB 976, California’s elected representatives sent a strong message: It’s time to put families in control. We remain confident in the underlying case and are committed to enforcing this law and continuing to vigorously defend it in court.”
California’s actions against Meta and TikTok have also contributed information regarding how platforms may intentionally design products that encourage prolonged use among minors at potential cost to their mental and physical health. For example, lawsuits allege that TikTok included features known by its developers as particularly harmful for young users in order to increase usage frequency.
The outcome means social media platforms operating in California will need to comply with new restrictions intended to protect children from potentially harmful engagement tactics while legal proceedings continue.
